GERD...... REFLUX DISEASE AND HOW TO TACKLE IT ?

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD or GORD) is a condition characterised by certain symptoms which are often precipitated by food, gastric contents  like  gastric acid or by bile from duodenum ( small intestine). 

WHAT ARE THE SYMPTOMS ? 

It may present as heartburn, dyspepsia ( symptoms of indigestion like 

abdominal discomfort, burning sensation ,bloating, nausea ) Waterbrash ( water filling your  mouth) , central or retrosternal chest pain, pain on swallowing, vomiting or regurgitation. Some  ( including me) will have voice changes, sore throat, coughing,  and sinusitis especially if it's associated with laryngopharyngeal reflux or LPR. Aspiration can cause respiratory problems. 

WHAT ARE THE  FACTORS LEADING TO  IT? 

Overweight, overeating, smoking, taking spicy food ,alcohol, and taking food just before going to sleep.  Exercises that cause increase  in  abdominal  pressure can act as a trigger factor ( my personal experience) .Another cause is hiatus hernia  (laxity of sphincter ), which I have explained  before ( previous post). 

WHEN YOU SHOULD WORRY ? 

Investigations to be done, if it's a longstanding problem and if you are over 40 years of age. 

Presence of any pathology, stricture, inflammation has to be checked by performing an endoscopy. Esophageal manometry ( pressure) also to be  done. 

WHAT CAN BE DONE ? 

Life style changes, weight reduction, dietary changes( small frequent feeds) less spice and fat in the diet, medications to reduce acid secretion and reflux.  Some cases need antireflux surgery. 

HOPE this post was useful. 

ENT manifestations of Reflux and LPR will be dealt in my next post.