Mouth extends from the lips and cheeks and it's divided into oral cavity and oropharynx. Infections from the mouth can spread to involve nose, ear, jaw joint and throat. Salivary gland ducts open into the mouth, hence infection can spread on to the salivary glands.Tissue spaces associated with the mouth hasten the spread of infection.
Dental infection
Carries teeth or tooth decay is the common cause of infection and if untreated dental abscess can spread rapidly to adjacent areas, if patient is having uncontrolled Diabetes or any low immunity. conditions. Lower dental abscess spread to spaces below the jaw and upper dental Infection into maxillary sinus area ( cheek ).Gum infection,ulcer, swelling it can be due to local pathology or secondary to certain medications and systemic disease manifestations.
Oral mucosa ( lining the cheek, palate, floor of the mouth) can present with ulcer, swelling, redness , fungal infection .Premalignant and malignant lesions to be kept in mind. Any nonhealing ulcer needs to be examined . Certain immunological conditions affect oral cavity and oropharynx like Lichen planus.
Dehydration, obstruction to salivary duct leads to stone formation. Multivitamin deficiency has oral manifestations like cheilitis, glossitis, stomatitis.
Smoking and smokeless tobacco as in paan with betel leaves, arecanut, lime leads to mucositis, submucous fibrosis,cancer.
Oral health is necessary to prevent various infections. Maintain oral hygiene by brushing teeth, rinsing mouth after eating, drink adequate water to prevent dehydration and other problems.Those with Diabetes Mellitus and other immunodeficiency diseases need to take special care, any carries teeth needs to be examined by a dentist. Various systemic conditions have oral manifestations,needs to be evaluated.
MAINTAIN ORAL HEALTH TO IMPROVE QUALITY OF LIFE .
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